indonesia ethnic groups

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In terms of number and influence, nothing comes before Javanese (42% of the population) as the most prominent ethnic group in Indonesia. They occupy mainly the central and eastern parts of the island. The local inhabitant highlands of the island of central Sulawesi, Toraja tribe are … Most of these ethnic groups are predominantly farmers and a majority of their populations are Muslims. Bali. Pura Ulun, a Hindu temple on the bank of Lake Bratan, Bali, Indonesia. Geography of Indonesia. Major ethnic groups include Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese and Malay. Geography - note. Indonesia is the fourth most populous nation in the world after China, India and the United States. These ethnic groups each account for at least 2% of the country’s population. While there may be hundreds of ethnicities in Indonesia, one dwarfs the rest. The majority of the population (58%) lives in Java Island. They identify with the bilateral kinship system that considers both male and female equally important in the society. The population growth rate is 1.9% and a relatively young population with an average median age of 28.1 years. Like most Indonesian peoples, they are rice farmers; however, they are also maritime peoples with a strong tradition of boat making. The most prominent of the swiddeners are the Toraja of southern Celebes, the Batak of the highlands of northern Sumatra, and the various communities of the interior of Kalimantan, such as the Kenyah, Kayan, Ngaju, and Embaloh, who officially (and collectively) are called Dayak. With an ancient culture informed by strong social and agricultural traditions, it includes the Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese, and Balinese peoples. These ethnic groups collectively account for 3.65% of the total population in Indonesia. We Javanese are considered as polite, smooth-speaking people. Indonesia was formerly known as the Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East Indies). Of the historically Hinduized communities in Indonesia, the Balinese are the only nonimmigrant practitioners of Hinduism. Jakarta. How Many Serial Killers Are Active In The UK Now? Javanese are known to be diligent, friendly, open-minded / highly tolerant, and good in politic. Ethnic groups: Javanese 40.1%, Sundanese 15.5% ... Chinese 1.2%, other 15% (2010 est.) 271 million (2019). West of Java, the majority language group is the Malayo-Polynesian family of more than 250 languages, usually distinguished into 16 major groups. The island of Madura, northeast of Java, is the homeland of the Madurese, Indonesia’s third largest ethnic group. The Javanese constitute Indonesia’s largest ethnic group, accounting for roughly one-third of the total population. The population of Indonesia in 1900 was 38 million inhabitants. Away from the major cities and areas of dense population, there are significant variations from one valley to the next and almost from one village to the next. Europe Map. Indonesia's motto "Unity in Diversity'" signifies the country's myriad of cultures and ethnicities with all its people living together largely in peace. The people of the interior, such as the Asmat and the Dani, on the other hand, remained isolated for a longer period of time. Ethnic Groups in Indonesia. This section zooms in on the people of Indonesia. Geography - note. The ethnic group is divided into sub-groups including Mataram, Osing, Cirebonese, Samin, Tenggerese, Naganese, and Boyanese. 9.87% are Christian, 1.69% are Hindu, 0.72% are Buddhist and 0.56% practice other faiths. The Javanese, found on the island of Java, make up more than 40% of the population of Indonesia. Other ethnic groups in Indonesia include Madurese, Betawi, Minangkabau, Buginese, Malay, and Bantenese. Each island or group of islands east of Java also has maintained its own distinct character, in many cases strongly influenced by different religions. Rituals evolve around individual’s life cycle from birth to death. Indonesia Religion, Economy and Politics. Sulawesi. How Many Serial Killers Are On The Loose Today? Its ethnic composition is characterized by variety, in fact wide variety, as the country contains hundreds of different ethnic groups and cultures. Jakarta. The fact that the army (known as ABRI) high command still holds real power behind the new president, B.J. Indonesia - Ethnic groups Photo by: erwinova The indigenous peoples, ethnologically referred to as Malays or Indonesians, also are found on the neighboring islands of the Philippines, in Peninsular Malaysia, and even as far away as Taiwan and Madagascar. There are thousands of ethnic identities in Indonesia and people identify quite strongly with their roots. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Indonesia has the largest Muslim population of any country in the world, and many ethnic groups are exclusively Muslim. The latest count at the end of 1995 showed it had 195.3 million inhabitants. Four of the 16 groups of the Malayo-Polynesian family are Malayan. Lake Toba provides freshwater suitable for aquaculture. note 1: according to Indonesia's National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping, the total number of islands in the archipelago is 13,466, of which 922 are permanently inhabited (Indonesia is the world's largest country comprised solely of islands); the country straddles the equator and occupies a strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from the … You also begin throughout Indonesia to get real resentment of local indigenous populations to the transmigration policies of the Suharto government, which often meant moving Muslim Javanese into areas where another ethnic group was dominant and this led to competition for land, resources, and eventually for power. The Sundanese are the second largest ethnic group in Indonesia. Javanese are also found in Malaysia, South Africa, Netherland, and Singapore. There are underlying issues of political and economic power. The territory of the Republic of Indonesia stretches from 6°08′ N latitude to 11°15′ S latitude, and from 94°45′ E to 141°05′ E longitude. There are 1,340 recognised ethnic groups in Indonesia.The vast majority of those belong to the Austronesian peoples.. Based on ethnic classification, the largest ethnic group in Indonesia is the Javanese who make up about 40% of the total population. Indonesia is linguistically extremely diverse. Indonesia has more than 13 islands with an estimated population of 237.6 million people spread across the islands. Lombok. The islands are populated by a number of distinct ethnic groups. To make matter worse, due to these perceptions cling to particular groups, it then triggers riot and encourages tension among ethnic groups in Indonesia. Java. Batak. As released by IDN times in 2016, some bad effects from the stereotype are the battle among other groups. In many cases the highland groups of the larger islands—Borneo, Sumatra, and Celebes—were relatively untouched by international influences until the arrival of Christian missionaries during the 19th century; these upland peoples continue to reflect great cultural diversity. Some groups continue to live in remote areas, where interaction with peoples and cultures beyond their proximate surroundings is limited. Typical of the coastal peoples are the Ambonese, who live along the coasts of Ambon and neighbouring islands, including western Ceram. The Republic of Indonesia, the world’s largest island, is located in Southeast Asia with part of its territory in the Oceania. Indonesians are characterized by smallness of stature, light to dark-brown pigmentation, thick, sleek black hair, broad formation of … Dutch policy allowed proselytization by Protestants and Catholics among separate groups who followed traditional religions; thus today many ethnic groups are exclusively Protestant or Roman Catholic. The ethnic group has borrowed a lot of its culture from the Javanese except for the less rigid systems. Ethnic groups are a group of people who have something in common between one member and another. The country is sandwiched between Pacific and Indian Oceans. Sundanese people are of Austronesian origin who migrated from Taiwan through the Philippines in the 1500BC. The barriers of the mountains and the sea have protected the character and traditions of many groups. The Javanese constitute Indonesia’s largest ethnic group, accounting for roughly one-third of the total population. The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated. Batak tribe is one of the largest ethnic groups in Indonesia. The third group, the inland shifting cultivators, plant swiddens—fields that are cleared, cultivated for a few seasons, and then abandoned for several years to allow the soil to regenerate—in areas where the climate will not support wet-rice farming. In addition to this diverse population, Indonesia is also the world's most populous Muslim-majority country, as just over 87% of Indonesians declared Muslim on the 2010 census. The Makassarese and Bugis have a pronounced presence in coastal towns throughout Indonesia, although their influence has been strongest outside Java. Toraja, Sulawesi. The majority of Sundanese are Muslims with a very few of them being Christians and Buddhists. The majority of these sub-groups are Muslims while a minority identify with Christianity. Types Of Crimes By Number Of Offenses In The US, The 10 Biggest Shopping Malls In The World. On bad side, Javanese are tend to hide our true feeling, we talk about people behind them, and one day — the emotions are exploding like an erupting volcano. Those in the foothills and on the coast have affinities with other Melanesian cultures to the east and south of New Guinea. Usually the similarity is in terms of heredity, language, biological characteristics, or behavior and culture. Some of the people living in the mountainous interior regions have been relocated to coastal areas, but—unlike the coastal peoples—they do not usually engage in fishing activities. Though these sub-groups are distinct, their languages and customs are related. The diverse ethnic populations of western Indonesia generally may be grouped into three broad categories. It consists of five major … Indonesia - Ethnic groups. These ethnic groups are found mainly in the North Sumatra in Indonesia. Eastern Indonesia is characterized by the traditional Melanesian cultural division between coastal, or “beach,” peoples and interior, or “bush,” peoples. The Sumatran Malays inhabit Aceh, a strongly Muslim region at the extreme northern tip of Sumatra that has long been noted for its resistance to European influence; a rich plantation area to the south of Aceh, along Sumatra’s northern coast; and Bangka and Belitung (Billiton), two primarily agricultural islands off the southeastern coast of Sumatra. In addition, Indonesians from the western islands have mixed with indigenous peoples in the coastal trading settlements. The burial tradition for these ethnic groups is very rich and complex with begu rituals performed on the body. The largest economy in Southeast Asia, Indonesia – a diverse archipelago nation of more than 300 ethnic groups – has charted impressive economic growth since overcoming the … Total Area of Indonesia is 1,919,440 sq km (Land Area: 1,826,440 sq … Many Indonesians may see themselves first by their ethnic and cultural group and secondly as Indonesians. Sumatra. Family portrait, Tana Toraja; People of Angguruk, Papua; People from Waur, Kei Besar, Maluku; The ethnic diversity of Indonesia may be staggering, but the demography is dominated by a few main groups (more details in this article) Kenyah men planting a rice swidden in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. These communities tend to be small and relatively isolated, and they represent a wide array of cultures. The Minangkabau, a community of devout Muslim wet-rice farmers in west-central Sumatra, hold a unique position in Indonesia as a matrilineal society, whereby inheritance and descent are reckoned through the female line. Indonesia’s islands are homes to a diverse ethnic and religious group which have given rise to a large number of cultural practices. They dominate the government, economy, culture, almost every sector. Batam. The burial ceremony also includes reburial of bones of ancestors. Over two thirds of the population resides in Java, the center of the country's economic and political power. Indonesia's motto "Unity in Diversity'" signifies the country's myriad of cultures and ethnicities with all its people living together largely in peace. These ethnic groups include; Javanese people are the largest ethnic group in Indonesia with a population of over 100 million (40.2%) according to the 2011 census. Indonesia is home to over 300 ethnic groups and 742 different dialects. note 1: according to Indonesia's National Coordinating Agency for Survey and Mapping, the total number of islands in the archipelago is 13,466, of which 922 are permanently inhabited (Indonesia is the world's largest country comprised solely of islands); the country straddles the equator and occupies a strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from the … As one of the most ethnically diverse societies, Indonesia consists of 1,300 ethnic groups with at least 95 percent native to the archipelago. Ethnic groups in Indonesia – Indonesia is a large country with an area of 1,990,250 km² with various ethnic groups in it. In some areas of the country the conflicts between ethnic groups are more pronounced and, as we have seen in the news of recent years, quite brutal and violent. The Balinese, who live just to the east of Java on Bali, are known for their intricate irrigation systems and terraced rice fields. These are the inland wet-rice (irrigated rice) societies, the coastal trading, farming, and fishing peoples, and the inland societies of shifting cultivators. There is ethnic-based violence in Indonesia. The second group, the more strongly Islamized coastal peoples, is ethnically heterogeneous and includes the Malays from Sumatra and, from southern Celebes, the Makassarese and Bugis. Batak is a collective name for ethnic groups including Alas, Kluet, Toba, Mandailing, Pakpak, and Karo. In particular, Bali—with its long tradition of Hindu and Buddhist influences rooted in local religious practices—is quite different in character and customs from any other part of Indonesia. Indonesia was formerly known as the Dutch East Indies (or Netherlands East Indies). Batak societies are patriarchally organized around clans called Marga with fierce warriors guarding the clans. Ethnic groups: Javanese 40.1%, Sundanese 15.5%, Malay 3.7%, Batak 3.6%, Madurese 3%, Betawi 2.9%, Minangkabau 2.7%, Buginese 2.7%, Bantenese 2%, Banjarese 1.7%, Balinese 1.7%, Acehnese 1.4%, Dayak 1.4%, Sasak 1.3%, Chinese 1.2%, other 15% (2010 est.) Sundanese people occupy mainly the western part of Indonesia and numbers approximately 40 million representing 15.5% of the total population. Visit the UNICEF websitefor some very interesting statistics covering population, health… Indigenous ethnic groups Best-fit genomic mixture proportions of Austronesians in Island Southeast Asia and their inferred population movements. This name is a collective theme to identify some ethnic groups who live and come from the West Coast and the East Coast in North Sumatra Province. Batak’s major occupation is agriculture, fishing, and hunting. Javanese culture flourished in Indonesia and the oldest civilization that has been influenced by other cultures over time. Most of the smaller islands belong to larger groups, like the Moluccas (Spice Islands). Indonesia is a sovereign archipelago in Southeast Asia and the fourth most populous country on earth after China, India, and the United States.. Indonesia Demographics. The tribes that are categorized as Batak are: Batak Toba, Batak Karo, Batak Pakpak, Batak Simalungun, Batak Angkola, and Batak Mandailing. Ethnicity used to be a political taboo in Indonesia, a country with more than 600 ethnic groups, but this has changed since the advent of the Reform era (1998). Most Papuans of the interior regions live in small communities and maintain a complex of dialects, customs, and social structures that is distinct from that of the coastal peoples. Most Javanese live in the densely settled, irrigated agricultural regions of central and eastern Java—the most populous parts of the country . Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world. Java’s western region, including the city of Bandung, is the homeland of the Sundanese, who are related to but quite distinct from the Javanese in language and tradition. English: The map of ethnic groups in Indonesia. Nowadays in general Batak people follow the religion of Islam, Christian, and Catholic. As one of the most ethnically diverse societies, Indonesia consists of 1,300 ethnic groups with at least 95 percent native to the archipelago. Indonesia also has the largest diaspora with over 8 million people spread across the world especially in countries such as Malaysia, UAE, US, Saudi Arabia, South Korea and Australia. As this is well over 90 million people, that means that the Javanese are used to living in tight quarters! Javanese values are promoted by cultural expressions such as dance, batik, gamelan, and wayang. The regions of Indonesia have some of their indigenous ethnic groups. Indonesia has more than 300 distinct ethnic and linguistic groups, although the largest and most dominant in terms of politics are the Javanese at over 40% of the population. There are two major ethnic groups in the western islands of Indonesia that do not fit into this broad scheme of cultural categorization. The first group, the historically Hinduized (but now primarily Muslim) wet-rice growers of inland Java, Madura, and Bali, make up nearly three-fifths of the national population. The glue that binds the people together is the usage of the Bahasa Indonesia, the national language, and Pancasila, the national philosophy, which stresses the doctrine of unity and universal justice for all Indonesians. Other ethnic groups in Indonesia include Madurese, Betawi, Minangkabau, Buginese, Malay, and Bantenese. By 1950 it had reached 77 million. This paper examines and projects the dynamics of ageing in the five largest ethnic groups in Indonesia. The Batak value education and prominent professional positions especially doctors, teachers, lawyers, and engineers. The indigenous peoples, ethnologically referred to as Malays or Indonesians, also are found on the neighboring islands of the Philippines, in Peninsular Malaysia, and even as far away as Taiwan and Madagascar. The third largest ethnicity is Batak from North Sumatra with 8.5 million people, accounting … Indonesia is a culturally very diverse nation. Factbook > Countries > Indonesia > Demographics. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2021 worldatlas.com, Largest Ethnic Groups And Nationalities In The United States, 10 Countries Where Women Far Outnumber Men, The Most Famous Serial Killers In America And Their Twisted Crimes. The Menadonese (Minahasan) of northern Celebes are also atypical in that they are a historically Hinduized, predominantly Christian coastal community. Most of these ethnic groups are predominantly farmers and a majority of their populations are Muslims. Photo by: erwinova. Indonesia Ethnic groups. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, The archipelago: its prehistory and early historical records, The arrival of Hindu religious conceptions, Growth and impact of the Dutch East India Company, The French and the British in Java, 1806–15, Indonesia from the coup to the end of the New Order, Economic crisis, public unrest, and the fall of Suharto. Hi Guys, Thanks fo visiting Channel Youtube channel in This Channel we are exploring The Tndonesian Culture, Traditional Hairlom, Heritages, Art and Ancient Temple all over indonesia.. enjoy.. The cities of Yogyakarta and Surakarta (Solo), in the centre of the island, are strongholds of Javanese culture and maintain traditional rulers, although these leaders have no real political power. The Makassarese and Bugis live primarily in the coastal regions of southern Celebes. Borneo. 3) In addition there are many cultural influences stemming back from difference in heritage. New Guinea. Accordingly, Java is one of the most densely populated islands on earth. Since independence, Indonesian (a form of Malay and the official national language) is the language of most written communication, education, government, and business. The Moluccas reflect this pattern, although their proximity to the western islands makes them a more complex ethnographic and linguistic area. Their language has heavily influenced the Indonesian language, while like many other Indonesians, they follow a heavily adapted version of Islam that is dependent on l… The map was redrawn and made based on a large map of "Peta Suku Bangsa di Indonesia" displayed in Ethnography Room in National Museum of Indonesia, Jakarta. Indonesians are a mix of Chinese, European, Indian, and Malay. Batak. But some of them also belive in some traditional beliefs such as Mali… In addition to cultivating wet-rice paddies, many Madurese raise cattle. The third largest ethnicity is Batak from North Sumatra with 8.5 million people, accounting … Sundanese cuisine characterized by freshness is popular in most of the cities in Indonesia. Definition: This entry provides an ordered listing of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population. These ethnic groups each account for at least 2% of the country’s population. Maluku is the place of Indonesia where the population seems the most mixed. Indonesia includes numerous ethnic, cultural and linguistic groups, some of which are related to each other. 4) Although Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world it also has a large number of Christian Protestants, Catholics, Hindus and … Most Javanese live in the densely settled, irrigated agricultural regions of central and eastern Java—the most populous parts of the country. The largest economy in Southeast Asia, Indonesia – a diverse archipelago nation of more than 300 ethnic groups – has charted impressive economic growth since overcoming the Asian financial crisis of … As early as the 1st century the population was estimated at 2 million people in this rich tropical environment. The distinction between coastal and interior peoples is especially salient in western New Guinea, where maritime trading communities live along the coast, while agrarian, noncommercial societies with strongly developed and highly localized customs inhabit the interior. The culture of this ethnic group demonstrates concern for elegance and refinement, courtesy, emotional restraint, politeness and consciousness to one’s social status. The ethnic group is largely agricultural with rice being the main crop cultivated. However, more than half of the population can be classified as belonging to two main ethnic groups. But it is not tribalism gone mad.